1 Multi - Agent Transport Simulations and Economic Evaluation

In many cities in Europe, tolls are discussed as a means to reduce the amount of traffic during peak hours or in a city in general. But only few cities (e.g. Singapore, Bergen, Trondheim, Durham, London, Stockholm, Bologna, Roma) have been able to implement a toll scheme, as tolling requires substantial upfront investment and is likely to be an unpopular policy. Thus, many cities have an interest in transportation planning tools and traffic models to thoroughly test different toll schemes to find one that solves their problems best —and provides hints about popular acceptance.